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21.
注射氟苯尼考对红笛鲷免疫指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以0、5、10、20 mg.kg-1的氟苯尼考腹腔注射红笛鲷,研究氟苯尼考在国家规定的使用范围内对红笛鲷血清部分免疫指标的影响。结果显示:5 mg.kg-1组氟苯尼考对所测的各项指标无影响或影响不显著;10 mg.kg-1组中氟苯尼考对红笛鲷血清SOD活力、AKP活力有显著性提高(P<0.05),对溶菌酶的含量、IgM的含量无显著性影响;20 mg.kg-1组中红笛鲷血清碱性磷酸酶AKP、超氧化物歧化酶SOD活力、溶菌酶、抗体IgM均受到显著性抑制(P<0.05),但影响持续时间不同,这表明高浓度氟苯尼考显著抑制红笛鲷各项免疫指标,从而影响到鱼体自身的免疫功能。 相似文献
22.
在水温26±2℃、盐度28条件下,恩诺沙星(enrofloxacin,EF)按5 mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射和口灌红笛鲷(Lutjanus sanguineus),用反相高效液相色谱法研究恩诺沙星在红笛鲷体内的药代动力学和组织分布。结果显示:注射和口灌后红笛鲷血浆的药时数据均符合一级吸收二室模型;血药达峰时间(tp)分别为0.75和1.5 h,血药质量浓度峰值(cmax)分别为5.22和3.94μg/mL,药时曲线下面积(AUC)分别36.98和17.24 mg/(L.h),消除半衰期(t1/2β)分别为13.28和9.18 h;恩诺沙星在组织中分布较广,注射和灌服给药肌肉、肝脏和肾脏的cmax分别为3.53和3.40μg/g、4.08和3.98μg/g、11.23和5.40μg/g,tp分别为1.5和2.0 h、1.0和2.0 h、0.75和1.5 h,AUC分别33.17和23.12 mg/(L.h)、39.36和18.20 mg/(L.h)、98.97和56.69 mg/(L.h);EF在红笛鲷体内消除速度较慢,注射和灌服给药肌肉、肝脏和肾脏的t1/2β分别为22.08和83.32 h、41.52和94.47 h、20.94和21.81 h。表明恩诺沙星注射给药在红笛鲷体内的吸收和消除均快于口灌给药。 相似文献
23.
取红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus erythopterusBloch)、紫红笛鲷(Lutjanus argentimaculatusFor-skal)、勒氏笛鲷(Lutjanus russelliBleeker)和约氏笛鲷(Lutjanus johniBloch)肝脏组织,分离纯化其线粒体DNA,用限制性内切酶酶切进行了限制性片段长度多态性分析。在红鳍笛鲷共发现4种单倍型,单倍型间的平均遗传距离为0.010 1,其mtDNA多态度为0.002 9。在紫红笛鲷共发现6种单倍型,单倍型间的平均遗传距离为0.015 1,其mtDNA多态度为0.005 5。在勒氏笛鲷共发现3种单倍型,单倍型间的平均遗传距离为0.008 6,其mtDNA多态度为0.001 2。在约氏笛鲷共发现5种单倍型,单倍型间的平均遗传距离为0.008 3,其mtDNA多态度为0.002 0。 相似文献
24.
四种海水养殖鱼类血清免疫球蛋白的分离纯化及分子量测定 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
利用Protein A-sepharose亲和性层析一步法，首次分离纯化了4种海水养殖鱼类（3种暖水性鱼类：紫笛鲷Lutjanus argentimaculatus,青石斑鱼Epinephelus awoara，尖吻鲈Lates calcarifer和1种冷水性鱼类牙Ping Paralichthys olivaceus）血清中的免疫球蛋白（Ig)。3种暖水性鱼类Ig的分离效果较好，牙Ping较差。层析曲线的洗脱峰值说明牙Ping血清的Ig同紫红笛鲷，青石斑鱼，尖吻钙3种暖水性鱼类血清的Ig在结构和功能上有明显的差异。通过SDS－PAGE电泳测得其重链分子量分别为紫红笛鲷79.5kDa和75.0kDa，青石斑鱼77.2kDa，尖吻鲈81.8kDa和75.7kDa，牙Ping 73.5kDa，轻链分子量分别为30.1kDa，31.1kDa,29.7kDa和15.0kDa。 相似文献
25.
26.
P.M. Chittaro P. Usseglio B.J. Fryer P.F. Sale 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):673-680
Lutjanus apodus (Schoolmaster) were collected from several mangroves and coral reefs at Turneffe Atoll, Belize, in order to investigate whether elemental concentrations from the otolith edge could be used as a means to identify the habitat (mangrove or coral reef) and site (9 mangrove sites and 6 reef sites) from which they were collected. Results of a two factor nested MANOVA (sites nested within habitat) indicated significant differences in elemental concentrations between habitats (i.e., mangrove versus reef) as well as among sites. When separate Linear Discriminant Function Analyses (LDFA) were used to assess whether the spatial variability in otolith chemistry was sufficient to differentiate individuals to their respective habitats or sites, the results indicated that fish were classified (jackknife procedure) with a moderate to poor degree of accuracy (i.e., on average, 67% and 40% of the individuals were correctly classified to the habitat and site from which they were collected, respectively). Using a partial Mantel test we did not find a significant correlation between the differences in otolith elemental concentrations between sites and the distance between sites, while controlling the effect of habitat type (mangrove or reef). This suggests that for mangrove and reef sites at Turneffe Atoll, Belize, the overlap in terms of L. apodus otolith elemental concentrations is too high for investigations of fish movement. Finally, by comparing previously published Haemulon flavolineatum otolith chemistry to that of L. apodus we assessed whether these species showed similar habitat and/or site specific patterns in their otolith chemistry. Although both species were collected from the same sites our results indicated little similarity in their elemental concentrations, thus suggesting that habitat and site elemental signatures are species specific. 相似文献
27.
采用ANAE组化方法(α-醋酸萘酯酶染色法)和ABC免疫组化方法(亲合素-生物素-过氧化物酶复合物法)分析了1龄红笛鲷成鱼的胸腺、头肾和脾脏中IgM+细胞(具有免疫球蛋白分子IgM的细胞)、ANAE+ T细胞的分布。结果表明,三个淋巴器官皆有IgM+细胞、ANAE+ T细胞;胸腺皮质区IgM+细胞数量最多,其次是头肾、胸腺髓质区、脾脏;ANAE+ T细胞以脾脏中数量居多,其次是头肾、胸腺髓质区、胸腺皮质区;ANAE+ T细胞在三个器官中多呈均匀分布,而IgM+细胞在血管、胸腺小体、黑色素巨嗜细胞中心等的外周呈密集分布。实验结果进一步证明了胸腺中的T细胞多为不成熟的T细胞,此外,还含有大量的IgM+细胞;而脾脏、头肾内的ANAE+ T细胞多于胸腺,推测胸腺成熟的T淋巴细胞迁移到头肾和脾脏。 相似文献
28.
报道了勒氏笛鲷外周血细胞的显微结构,血涂片经过Wright染色液染色,可区分出红血细胞、血栓细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞等五种血细胞,没有发现嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞.白血细胞中,血栓细胞体积最小,单核细胞体积最大;血栓细胞数目最多,淋巴细胞和单核细胞数目最少;淋巴细胞有大小两种类型大淋巴细胞和小淋巴细胞.此外,在外周血液中还观察到少量未成熟的红细胞和嗜中性粒细胞,偶而可见正在分裂的红细胞,提示红细胞也可在外周血直接分裂. 相似文献
29.
A feeding trial was conducted in a recirculating water system to investigate the effects of dietary protein levels on growth,
feed utilization, hepatosomatic index and liver lipid deposition of juvenile red snapper, Lutjanus argentimaculatus (average initial wet weight 8.0 ± 0.39 g and total length 3.14 ± 0.3 cm). In the experiment, six fishmeal-based diets were
formulated to contain various protein levels (20% to 45% in 5% increments), with dietary energy ranging from 2210.7kJ lOOg
to 2250.2kJlOOg dry matter. The protein to energy ratios of diets ranged from 8.58 mg protein kJ−1 to 20.03 mg protein kJ−1. Diets were fed for 90d to triplicate groups of fish stocked in 0.128m3 seawater tanks, 25 individuals each. The daily ration of 2% wet body weight was offered to the fish thrice a day. The fish
at the end of the study had more than ten-fold (77.0g) increase in weight compared to the initial (8.0g). Fish fed diets of
40% and 45% protein produced significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gain of 77.2g and 76.5g, and specific growth rate (SGR) of 2.65% and 2.62% than those of 67.0 g and 68.3g,
and 2.49% and 2.51% of the other diets. The broken-line regression of SGR against dietary protein level yielded an optimum
dietary protein requirement of 42.6% (Y=−1.6295 + 0.1114 X
2,P<0.05). Survival remained 100% among groups. Feed conversion ratio decreased from 0.45 for fish fed 20% dietary protein to
0.35 for fish fed 45% dietary protein. Nitrogen intake increased with an increase in dietary protein, which in turn resulted
in an increase in nitrogen gain of fish whole body. Fish fed 40% and 45% protein diets showed higher (P<0.05) nitrogen gain (0.27g and 0.26g) than those (0.23g and 025g) fed all other diets. Gross energy intake (GEI) in fish
fed 45% protein was lower (600.67kJ) than that (607.97 kJ) of 40% protein diet, though the differences were not statistically
significant (P>0.05); GEI ranging from 677.31 kJ to 663.20 kJ at remaining four diets (20% to 35% protein) did not appear to differ significantly
(P>0.05). The highest energy gain of 518.33 kJ was obtained with fish fed 40% protein, resulting in the highest energy retention
efficiency of 85.26%. The hepatosomatic index of fish fed diets of 20%, 25%, 30% and 35% protein were significantly (P<0.05) higher (2.09% to 2.57%) than those (1.44% and 1.41%) of fish fed diets containing 40% and 45% protein. Liver lipid
contents decreased from 8.72% to 7.0% in fish fed dietary protein of 20% to 45% in 5% increments. Results suggest that the
diet containing 40% to 42.6% protein with a P/E ratio of 17.6 mg protein kJ−1 is required for good growth of L. argentimaculatus weighing between 8.0 g and 85.2 g under the culture conditions of the present study. 相似文献
30.
Behaviors, activity budgets, and spatial locations of reef-associated schoolmaster snapper (Lutjanus apodus) and non-reef-associated checkered puffer (Sphoeroides testudineus) were cataloged in mangrove forests in Caribbean Honduras to see how and where they spent their time and whether this changed as they grew. For schoolmasters, swimming was the most common behavior, while checkered puffers spent the majority of their time resting. Both remained completely within (as opposed to outside) the mangrove roots and in the lower half of the water column most of the time. However, as the size of the fish increased there was a clear decrease in the time spent both within the root system and closer to the substrate; the larger fish spent more time higher up in the water column and outside the root system. This was observed in both the schoolmaster and the puffer; the schoolmaster subsequently moves to reefs while the puffer does not. Coupled with limited feeding, the results suggest a primarily protective function for mangroves. 相似文献